Business (Grades 5–12)
Subtest 2 Sample Items
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Question 1
1.
The item stem shows a production possibilities graph for a furniture-making company that makes both bedroom sets and dining room sets. The x-axis of the graph shows the production of dining room sets, and the y-axis shows the production of bedroom sets. The graph shows that as the production of dining room sets increases, the production of bedroom sets decreases and vice versa.
The graph above shows the production possibilities frontier for a furniture-making company that makes both bedroom sets and dining room sets. This graph can be used without any additional data to draw conclusions about:
- comparative advantage.
- opportunity costs.
- diminishing returns.
- economies of scale.
Answer to question 1
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: B. (Objective 0008) The concept of opportunity costs is defined as the loss of potential gain from other alternatives when resources are placed in a different alternative. Seen in this way, the concept assumes a zero-sum game. In the example shown in the graph, placing resources in the production of bedroom sets means that the company cannot produce as many dining room sets and vice versa. For example, if the company decides to place all its resources in producing 80 bedroom sets, it cannot produce any dining room sets. If it places all its resources in producing 100 dining room sets it cannot produce any bedroom sets.
Correct Response: B. (Objective 0008) The concept of opportunity costs is defined as the loss of potential gain from other alternatives when resources are placed in a different alternative. Seen in this way, the concept assumes a zero-sum game. In the example shown in the graph, placing resources in the production of bedroom sets means that the company cannot produce as many dining room sets and vice versa. For example, if the company decides to place all its resources in producing 80 bedroom sets, it cannot produce any dining room sets. If it places all its resources in producing 100 dining room sets it cannot produce any bedroom sets.
Question 2
2. Compared with monopolistic markets, which of the following is one feature of markets in which the allocation of goods and services is determined primarily by competition among different firms?
- The total monetary value of goods and services sold is likely to be lower.
- The price of goods and services offered to consumers is likely to be higher.
- The variation in the types of goods and services available is likely to be lower.
- The quality of goods and services available to consumers is likely to be higher.
Answer to question 2
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: D. (Objective 0008) In competitive markets, consumers have the opportunity to choose goods and services offered by many competing businesses. The success of a business in attracting customers is determined by several factors, especially the combination of the price and the quality of the goods and services sold. In the long run, the most successful businesses will be those that sell goods and services that best combine high quality and low price. In monopolistic markets, which are noncompetitive, consumers have limited choice among competing products and there is little incentive to a business to either lower prices or increase quality. In contrast, in competitive markets, producers of lower quality, higher priced goods will lose out and the overall quality of goods and services will rise.
Correct Response: D. (Objective 0008) In competitive markets, consumers have the opportunity to choose goods and services offered by many competing businesses. The success of a business in attracting customers is determined by several factors, especially the combination of the price and the quality of the goods and services sold. In the long run, the most successful businesses will be those that sell goods and services that best combine high quality and low price. In monopolistic markets, which are noncompetitive, consumers have limited choice among competing products and there is little incentive to a business to either lower prices or increase quality. In contrast, in competitive markets, producers of lower quality, higher priced goods will lose out and the overall quality of goods and services will rise.
Question 3
3. Over the past several months, demand for home heating oil has increased. However, the price for a gallon of heating oil has decreased over the same time period. Which of the following best explains this observation?
- The price of alternative home heating fuels, such as propane, has decreased.
- Temperatures have been mild in regions where home heating oil is used.
- The supply of heating oil has increased at a faster rate than the demand.
- Mergers have decreased the number of firms that supply home heating oil.
Answer to question 3
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: C. (Objective 0008) In a competitive market, the price of goods and services is usually determined by the combination of supply and demand. Generally, if demand for a product increases, the price of the product will rise. Usually, if the supply of the product increases, prices will fall. However, prices will also rise while supply is increasing, if rising demand for the product is greater than the rising supply. Conversely, as in the correct response, prices will fall for the product while demand is increasing, if the supply of the product is rising faster than demand.
Correct Response: C. (Objective 0008) In a competitive market, the price of goods and services is usually determined by the combination of supply and demand. Generally, if demand for a product increases, the price of the product will rise. Usually, if the supply of the product increases, prices will fall. However, prices will also rise while supply is increasing, if rising demand for the product is greater than the rising supply. Conversely, as in the correct response, prices will fall for the product while demand is increasing, if the supply of the product is rising faster than demand.
Question 4
4. By any measure (e.g., market cap, size of the workforce, sales volume), Company A is about three times as large as Company B. Both companies work out of single facilities and sell very similar products. Which of the following statements about the two companies is most likely to be true?
- Company B has higher worker productivity due to higher employee morale.
- Company A has lower marginal costs due to economies of scale.
- Company B produces higher quality products due to superior quality control systems.
- Company A has a higher profit margin due to higher prices for outputs.
Answer to question 4
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: B. (Objective 0008) The size of a company may be related to many factors that influence production (e.g., flexibility in the face of change, worker motivation, company organization, innovative capacity). However, these factors are not generally predictable (e.g., while small companies are often more flexible than larger ones, this is not always the case). However, compared to small companies, large companies are almost always able to take advantage of economies of scale, such as lower unit prices for inputs due to bulk ordering. All other things being equal, this will lower the marginal costs of production for larger companies compared to smaller companies that produce the same goods or services.
Correct Response: B. (Objective 0008) The size of a company may be related to many factors that influence production (e.g., flexibility in the face of change, worker motivation, company organization, innovative capacity). However, these factors are not generally predictable (e.g., while small companies are often more flexible than larger ones, this is not always the case). However, compared to small companies, large companies are almost always able to take advantage of economies of scale, such as lower unit prices for inputs due to bulk ordering. All other things being equal, this will lower the marginal costs of production for larger companies compared to smaller companies that produce the same goods or services.
Question 5
5. Price increases are likely to have the least effect on demand for a given product or service in which of the following cases?
- Prices for the product or service have fluctuated in the past and are expected by consumers to fluctuate considerably in the future.
- Production and distribution of the product or service is controlled by only a few firms that avoid competition by keeping prices similar.
- Supplies of the product or service are stable and are viewed by consumers as unlikely to change in the foreseeable future.
- The product or service is considered to be a necessity by consumers and there are no acceptable substitutes available.
Answer to question 5
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: D. (Objective 0008) This question deals with the subject of price elasticity. Prices are considered to be elastic when they vary considerably with changes in supply or demand and inelastic when changes in supply or demand have little effect on price. Generally, goods and services that are considered necessities and for which substitutes are not available (e.g., milk, certain medicines) are relatively inelastic in price.
Correct Response: D. (Objective 0008) This question deals with the subject of price elasticity. Prices are considered to be elastic when they vary considerably with changes in supply or demand and inelastic when changes in supply or demand have little effect on price. Generally, goods and services that are considered necessities and for which substitutes are not available (e.g., milk, certain medicines) are relatively inelastic in price.
Question 6
6. The equilibrium price of a product or service is the price at which:
- profits from sales are maximized and production costs are minimized.
- the growth stage of the product's life cycle has reached its end.
- demand for the product or service is equal to the supply that is available.
- changes in demand for the product do not produce changes in supply of the product.
Answer to question 6
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: C. (Objective 0008) The price at which supply curves for a product intersect with demand curves for the product is the equilibrium price. At this price the demand for the product is equal to the supply.
Correct Response: C. (Objective 0008) The price at which supply curves for a product intersect with demand curves for the product is the equilibrium price. At this price the demand for the product is equal to the supply.
Question 7
7. One advantage of a command economy compared to market economies is that in a command economy:
- variation in the business cycle is less likely to lead to large increases in unemployment.
- allocation of inputs and distribution of finished products are more efficient.
- prices are more likely to accurately reflect supply and demand for goods and services.
- consumers have a wider range of choices of brands and styles of goods and services.
Answer to question 7
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: A. (Objective 0009) In command economies, decisions about the allocation of resources and the production and distribution of goods and services are made by the government rather than by the interplay of consumer choices in a free-market or mixed economy. This often leads to inefficiencies in which supply is unrelated to demand and vice versa. However, since supply and demand are not the principal determinants of the actions of the market, the normal variations of a business cycle are less important in the allocation of resources and labor. One of the goals of most command economies is to ensure full employment, even if it means producing an oversupply of some goods and services that is not commensurate with demand.
Correct Response: A. (Objective 0009) In command economies, decisions about the allocation of resources and the production and distribution of goods and services are made by the government rather than by the interplay of consumer choices in a free-market or mixed economy. This often leads to inefficiencies in which supply is unrelated to demand and vice versa. However, since supply and demand are not the principal determinants of the actions of the market, the normal variations of a business cycle are less important in the allocation of resources and labor. One of the goals of most command economies is to ensure full employment, even if it means producing an oversupply of some goods and services that is not commensurate with demand.
Question 8
8. Which of the following best describes the "invisible hand" that Adam Smith postulated regulates free-market economies?
- government regulations that restrict certain practices by sellers
- consumer choice in the interactions between buyers and sellers
- collusion between large sellers to ensure higher prices to consumers
- the relationship between capital and labor in the production of goods
Answer to question 8
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: B. (Objective 0009) The "invisible hand" is a metaphor used by Adam Smith in his influential book, The Wealth of Nations, published in 1776. Smith's contention that markets are self-regulating systems still stands as the basic argument for limiting government intervention in the operation of free markets. Smith postulated that markets are regulated by interactions between buyers and sellers, with both trying to maximize their own advantage in the exchange. Central to his hypothesis is the idea that consumers choose among sellers, and that consumers, in the aggregate, act rationally to promote their self-interest.
Correct Response: B. (Objective 0009) The "invisible hand" is a metaphor used by Adam Smith in his influential book, The Wealth of Nations, published in 1776. Smith's contention that markets are self-regulating systems still stands as the basic argument for limiting government intervention in the operation of free markets. Smith postulated that markets are regulated by interactions between buyers and sellers, with both trying to maximize their own advantage in the exchange. Central to his hypothesis is the idea that consumers choose among sellers, and that consumers, in the aggregate, act rationally to promote their self-interest.
Question 9
9. During a recession, some economists are likely to advocate for middle-class tax cuts and an increase in government spending as a way to:
- increase the value of the dollar.
- lower short-term interest rates.
- increase aggregate demand.
- lower core inflation rates.
Answer to question 9
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: C. (Objective 0009) Contractions are a normal part of the business cycle and occur when falling demand leads to slowed consumer spending. Severe contractions are called recessions, when gross domestic product falls for two or more quarters. Slowed consumer spending leads to reduced production of goods and services by producers and higher unemployment as fewer workers are needed to meet demand. Higher unemployment, in turn, leads to further decline in demand as laid-off workers have less money to spend on goods and services. Tax cuts for middle-class workers, who are likely to spend rather than save or invest their money, and increased spending by the government are ways to inject money into the system to increase aggregate demand and stimulate spending.
Correct Response: C. (Objective 0009) Contractions are a normal part of the business cycle and occur when falling demand leads to slowed consumer spending. Severe contractions are called recessions, when gross domestic product falls for two or more quarters. Slowed consumer spending leads to reduced production of goods and services by producers and higher unemployment as fewer workers are needed to meet demand. Higher unemployment, in turn, leads to further decline in demand as laid-off workers have less money to spend on goods and services. Tax cuts for middle-class workers, who are likely to spend rather than save or invest their money, and increased spending by the government are ways to inject money into the system to increase aggregate demand and stimulate spending.
Question 10
10. A rapid increase in gross domestic product (GDP) would most likely cause the Federal Reserve to take action that would raise short-term interest rates to:
- stimulate lending.
- lower unemployment.
- raise aggregate demand.
- curb inflation.
Answer to question 10
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: D. (Objective 0009) A rapid rise in GDP may be an indication that aggregate demand is rising too quickly. Since supply usually lags behind demand, this leads to a situation where high demand and inadequate supply results in higher prices. This can quickly lead to a demand-pull inflationary spiral in which too much money is chasing too few goods. Raising short-term interest rates lowers the amount of money available to businesses and consumers alike and will likely lead to a lessening of demand that will cool the economy and slow inflation.
Correct Response: D. (Objective 0009) A rapid rise in G D P may be an indication that aggregate demand is rising too quickly. Since supply usually lags behind demand, this leads to a situation where high demand and inadequate supply results in higher prices. This can quickly lead to a demand-pull inflationary spiral in which too much money is chasing too few goods. Raising short-term interest rates lowers the amount of money available to businesses and consumers alike and will likely lead to a lessening of demand that will cool the economy and slow inflation.
Question 11
11. Which of the following illegal actions by a corporation or a corporate manager is most likely to be investigated by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)?
- price fixing
- breach of contract
- false advertising
- insider trading
Answer to question 11
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: D. (Objective 0009) The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission is a federal agency that is responsible for regulating the trading of stocks, bonds, and other securities. Insider trading is the purchasing or selling of these securities, especially stocks of publicly owned companies, based on knowledge about the company that is not public. Insider trading can be legal or illegal depending on when the insider makes the trade. It is illegal if the trade is made when the relevant information is not public. It is legal if the information has been disclosed before the trade.
Correct Response: D. (Objective 0009) The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission is a federal agency that is responsible for regulating the trading of stocks, bonds, and other securities. Insider trading is the purchasing or selling of these securities, especially stocks of publicly owned companies, based on knowledge about the company that is not public. Insider trading can be legal or illegal depending on when the insider makes the trade. It is illegal if the trade is made when the relevant information is not public. It is legal if the information has been disclosed before the trade.
Question 12
12. A rapid increase in productivity that is not accompanied by an increase in wages is most likely to lead to an increase in:
- inflation.
- income disparity.
- aggregate demand.
- interest rates.
Answer to question 12
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: B. (Objective 0009) A rapid increase in productivity without a corresponding increase in wages is likely to lead to lower production costs and higher profits for businesses. Those at the top of the economic ladder are more likely to own stock in businesses or be employed at higher management levels. In either case, their income is likely to increase significantly, while the incomes of other members of society are more likely to be stagnant. In addition, high productivity and stagnant wages are likely to lead to increased unemployment, further depressing average incomes.
Correct Response: B. (Objective 0009) A rapid increase in productivity without a corresponding increase in wages is likely to lead to lower production costs and higher profits for businesses. Those at the top of the economic ladder are more likely to own stock in businesses or be employed at higher management levels. In either case, their income is likely to increase significantly, while the incomes of other members of society are more likely to be stagnant. In addition, high productivity and stagnant wages are likely to lead to increased unemployment, further depressing average incomes.
Question 13
13. In the last twenty years, domestic automakers have seen their share of the U.S. market diminish significantly. This change best illustrates how globalization can negatively affect firms by:
- increasing the exposure of their products to those of competing firms.
- decreasing their ability to obtain needed capital and financial resources.
- increasing the competition for a limited pool of skilled labor.
- decreasing their ability to export their products.
Answer to question 13
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: A. (Objective 0010) Globalization of markets has only been possible with the acceptance by most countries of the benefits of free trade. This has required the elimination of many barriers (e.g., tariffs, domestic subsidies) to free trade. However, free trade exposes domestic companies to competition with foreign companies that may have a comparative advantage in the production of a particular product.
Correct Response: A. (Objective 0010) Globalization of markets has only been possible with the acceptance by most countries of the benefits of free trade. This has required the elimination of many barriers (e.g., tariffs, domestic subsidies) to free trade. However, free trade exposes domestic companies to competition with foreign companies that may have a comparative advantage in the production of a particular product.
Question 14
14. Removing import quotas, tariffs, and other trade barriers on a wide range of imported goods will most commonly have which of the following effects in countries that have removed these barriers?
- The average size of domestic businesses in a wide variety of sectors is likely to decrease.
- Prices of both domestic and imported consumer goods and services are likely to fall.
- Consumer choices are likely to be based less on price and more on nonprice factors.
- Consumption of both domestic and imported consumer goods and services is likely to fall.
Answer to question 14
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: B. (Objective 0010) Removal of barriers to trade allows the importation of goods from countries that have a comparative advantage in the production of these goods and services. These imported goods and services will likely be priced lower than those that are domestically produced, forcing domestic producers to either lose market share or lower prices to compete. As in the correct response, competition will tend to keep prices low for both domestically produced and imported goods and services, except for a much smaller segment of the market where nonprice factors (e.g., prestige goods) are more important than price.
Correct Response: B. (Objective 0010) Removal of barriers to trade allows the importation of goods from countries that have a comparative advantage in the production of these goods and services. These imported goods and services will likely be priced lower than those that are domestically produced, forcing domestic producers to either lose market share or lower prices to compete. As in the correct response, competition will tend to keep prices low for both domestically produced and imported goods and services, except for a much smaller segment of the market where nonprice factors (e.g., prestige goods) are more important than price.
Question 15
15. Which of the following best explains why, through the 1990s and up until 2005, China maintained a fixed exchange rate for its currency, the yuan, despite appeals from the United States and other trading partners to allow the value of the yuan to float?
- China's growing middle class desired more imported goods during this period.
- By fixing the yuan's value at a high rate, China gained prestige on world markets.
- During this period, the rapid growth of China's economy was largely export driven.
- The relative value of the euro to the dollar remained very stable during this period.
Answer to question 15
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: C. (Objective 0010) By fixing a low exchange rate of the yuan against the euro and the dollar, China ensured that its currency would be undervalued compared with those currencies. Since its currency was undervalued, China's exports could be sold more cheaply than those of its competitors on world markets. This allowed China to obtain a larger global market share for its products and ensured rapid growth in China's economy.
Correct Response: C. (Objective 0010) By fixing a low exchange rate of the yuan against the euro and the dollar, China ensured that its currency would be undervalued compared with those currencies. Since its currency was undervalued, China's exports could be sold more cheaply than those of its competitors on world markets. This allowed China to obtain a larger global market share for its products and ensured rapid growth in China's economy.
Question 16
16. Which of the following is the best example of ethnocentrism on the part of a marketing manager in a U.S. company that is planning to export products to China?
- compromising ethical standards that are common in the United States to win contracts with Chinese distributors
- assigning managers to oversee the project who are familiar with Chinese customs and language
- assuming that all Chinese consumers are similar and exhibit traits that are distinctively and exclusively Chinese
- assuming that Chinese consumers will appreciate and purchase the same product line as U.S. consumers
Answer to question 16
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: D. (Objective 0010) Ethnocentrism is defined as judging another culture solely by the values, beliefs, and standards of one's own culture. In this case, the assumption that Chinese customers will have the same consumer wants and needs as U.S. customers is an example of ethnocentrism. Ethnocentrism in marketing can have disastrous results for a company that is attempting to break into a foreign market.
Correct Response: D. (Objective 0010) Ethnocentrism is defined as judging another culture solely by the values, beliefs, and standards of one's own culture. In this case, the assumption that Chinese customers will have the same consumer wants and needs as U.S. customers is an example of ethnocentrism. Ethnocentrism in marketing can have disastrous results for a company that is attempting to break into a foreign market.
Question 17
17. A management team from a country with a low-context culture is engaged in delicate negotiations with businesspersons from another country about a joint venture. The other country is considered to be a high-context culture. The leader of the management team should make all team members aware that the negotiators with the high-context culture are more likely than theirs to:
- deemphasize details in their desire to rapidly move negotiations forward to a conclusion.
- stick to their initial negotiating position rather than initiate or agree to a compromise.
- notice and respond to nuances of meaning and nonverbal cues during negotiations.
- keep negotiations impersonal rather than developing relationships with the team with the low-context culture.
Answer to question 17
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: C. (Objective 0010) High-context cultures are those that rely on implicit assumptions, traditions, context, and nonverbal cues in communication. In contrast, low-context cultures, such as the business culture of the United States, rely more heavily on explicit, verbal messages in communication.
Correct Response: C. (Objective 0010) High-context cultures are those that rely on implicit assumptions, traditions, context, and nonverbal cues in communication. In contrast, low-context cultures, such as the business culture of the United States, rely more heavily on explicit, verbal messages in communication.
Question 18
18. Increased free trade has led to an increase in specialization in the production of goods for export in many countries. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this phenomenon?
- The cultures of some countries are related due to similarities in language, ethnicity, and historical patterns of immigration.
- The currency of some countries is stable on worldwide currency exchanges, while that of other countries is much more variable over time.
- Markets for domestically produced consumer goods are robust in some countries, while in other countries sales of consumer goods are weak.
- Some countries have a comparative advantage for producing certain products, while other countries have a comparative advantage for other products.
Answer to question 18
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: D. (Objective 0010) The concept of comparative advantage is closely related to that of opportunity cost. Even if country A can produce a variety of goods more cheaply than any other country, it will specialize in producing only those goods that have the lowest opportunity costs. Meanwhile country B might have a higher absolute cost of producing a particular product than country A, but may specialize in that product since country A foregoes producing the product because it has a higher opportunity cost than other products. It is the relative, rather than the absolute, costs of producing various products that leads to specialization in each country.
Correct Response: D. (Objective 0010) The concept of comparative advantage is closely related to that of opportunity cost. Even if country A can produce a variety of goods more cheaply than any other country, it will specialize in producing only those goods that have the lowest opportunity costs. Meanwhile country B might have a higher absolute cost of producing a particular product than country A, but may specialize in that product since country A foregoes producing the product because it has a higher opportunity cost than other products. It is the relative, rather than the absolute, costs of producing various products that leads to specialization in each country.
Question 19
19. Which of the following is the main benefit to a company of using cloud computing?
- avoiding threats from viruses and other malware
- lowering capital costs for physical infrastructure
- improving the speed of business communications
- increasing the security of mission-critical data
Answer to question 19
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: B. (Objective 0011) Cloud computing is the delivery of all manner of information services over the Internet. Major benefits to a company of using cloud computing include the capability to access a wide variety of computer resources and services on demand, the flexibility to scale up resource use when needed and scale down when not needed, and the ability to pay for only the services that are actually used. Since cloud services are offered on demand through the Internet, the company does not need to invest in, and administer, a large physical information technology infrastructure to store, manipulate, and evaluate data. This lowers capital cost devoted to information technology by the company.
Correct Response: B. (Objective 0011) Cloud computing is the delivery of all manner of information services over the Internet. Major benefits to a company of using cloud computing include the capability to access a wide variety of computer resources and services on demand, the flexibility to scale up resource use when needed and scale down when not needed, and the ability to pay for only the services that are actually used. Since cloud services are offered on demand through the Internet, the company does not need to invest in, and administer, a large physical information technology infrastructure to store, manipulate, and evaluate data. This lowers capital cost devoted to information technology by the company.
Question 20
20. Which of the following is one potential issue that may cause a company to hesitate before using cloud computing for many of its hardware and software needs?
- The security of a company's data and other applications is entrusted to cloud managers who do not work for the company.
- Costs of cloud computing are likely to be greater than those associated with using the company's own hardware and software.
- The use of cloud computing to perform operations is likely to be less efficient than using the company's own hardware and software.
- Sharing data between company employees and those of other companies is likely to be difficult using cloud computing.
Answer to question 20
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: A. (Objective 0011) Cloud computing is the use of computing resources, including hardware and software, that are delivered by a service, typically over the Internet. Costs are generally lower since infrastructure is delivered by a third party and costs are shared among users. However, some company managers may be uneasy about data security, since it is provided by the cloud provider rather than by the company itself.
Correct Response: A. (Objective 0011) Cloud computing is the use of computing resources, including hardware and software, that are delivered by a service, typically over the Internet. Costs are generally lower since infrastructure is delivered by a third party and costs are shared among users. However, some company managers may be uneasy about data security, since it is provided by the cloud provider rather than by the company itself.
Question 21
21. A person is using a common word-processing program to write a memo. After writing the memo, the writer decides to rewrite one of the paragraphs. However, as the writer types in new letters, the next letter in the text disappears. The best explanation for why this is happening is that the writer has inadvertently pressed which of the following keys?
- Ctrl
- Delete
- Insert
- Alt
Answer to question 21
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: C. (Objective 0011) In a commonly used word-processing program, pressing the Insert key will allow the writer to delete each letter and replace it with a new letter as the new letter is typed. This allows the writer to delete existing text as new text is typed without having to use the delete key on individual letters or highlighted sections of text.
Correct Response: C. (Objective 0011) In a commonly used word-processing program, pressing the Insert key will allow the writer to delete each letter and replace it with a new letter as the new letter is typed. This allows the writer to delete existing text as new text is typed without having to use the delete key on individual letters or highlighted sections of text.
Question 22
22. A tax preparation firm has 50 franchises in cities across the Midwest. The firm is purchasing new software to speed up and simplify the tax preparation process. For the software to be able to run on the computers used in all of the company's franchises, it would most likely be necessary that:
- all the computers must have the same amount of memory capacity.
- each franchise uses the same brand and model of computer.
- all the franchises must be connected to the same local area network (LAN).
- the computers in each franchise must use the same operating system.
Answer to question 22
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: D. (Objective 0011) An operating system manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs. In essence, the operating system acts as the intermediary between the computer hardware and the software program. To use the same software package on different computers, the computers would need to have the same operating system; the software would not be able to function on computers that have a different operating system than that for which the software program was designed.
Correct Response: D. (Objective 0011) An operating system manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs. In essence, the operating system acts as the intermediary between the computer hardware and the software program. To use the same software package on different computers, the computers would need to have the same operating system; the software would not be able to function on computers that have a different operating system than that for which the software program was designed.
Question 23
23. A bakery has a choice of many different suppliers for the ingredients it uses in making muffins. The price and quality of the ingredients vary among the suppliers. The manager of the bakery would like to examine how the use of different suppliers for each ingredient would affect the final cost of producing a particular quantity of muffins. The best type of software for the manager to use to test a variety of supplier combinations would be:
- word-processing software.
- spreadsheet software.
- database software.
- presentation software.
Answer to question 23
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: B. (Objective 0011) One advantage of spreadsheet software is that it allows the user to explore various "what if" scenarios by varying one or more variables while holding other variables constant. In this case, the bakery manager could "try out" different combinations of suppliers for each essential ingredient with the spreadsheet software providing a final price for producing a particular quantity of muffins for each configuration of suppliers.
Correct Response: B. (Objective 0011) One advantage of spreadsheet software is that it allows the user to explore various "what if" scenarios by varying one or more variables while holding other variables constant. In this case, the bakery manager could "try out" different combinations of suppliers for each essential ingredient with the spreadsheet software providing a final price for producing a particular quantity of muffins for each configuration of suppliers.
Question 24
24. A Web site's use of which of the following is most likely to raise concerns about privacy among Internet users?
- spam
- pop-ups
- cookies
- online surveys
Answer to question 24
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: C. (Objective 0011) A cookie is a small piece of data sent from a Web site and stored in a computer user's Web browser while the user is browsing the Web site. The data stored in the cookie can be used by the Web site to track the user's activity on the site and determine his or her preferences. Tracking cookies, especially third-party tracking cookies, are used to compile long-term records of individuals' browsing histories, which raises serious privacy concerns.
Correct Response: C. (Objective 0011) A cookie is a small piece of data sent from a Web site and stored in a computer user's Web browser while the user is browsing the Web site. The data stored in the cookie can be used by the Web site to track the user's activity on the site and determine his or her preferences. Tracking cookies, especially third-party tracking cookies, are used to compile long-term records of individuals' browsing histories, which raises serious privacy concerns.
Question 25
25. All users of a company's email system should be made aware of which of the following?
- Email is not considered formal enough for conveying contractual information.
- Email cannot be used to create permanent records.
- Email should be used only to communicate informal messages to colleagues.
- Email should be considered public and is subject to subpoena.
Answer to question 25
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: D. (Objective 0012) Employees should have no expectation of privacy when sending or receiving e-mails using the company's computer system. E-mails are considered to be public information and, by law, can be subpoenaed in a civil or criminal lawsuit or government investigation.
Correct Response: D. (Objective 0012) Employees should have no expectation of privacy when sending or receiving e-mails using the company's computer system. E-mails are considered to be public information and, by law, can be subpoenaed in a civil or criminal lawsuit or government investigation.
Question 26
26. Which of the following best explains why communication is often more effective (i.e., the meaning of the message decoded by the recipient is very similar to the intended meaning of the sender) when sent through an oral channel rather than through a written channel?
- The perceived meaning can be more easily checked against the intended meaning through feedback between the receiver and the sender.
- Messages can be organized by the sender in a more coherent and meaningful way that make them easier to interpret by the receiver.
- Distractions that may interfere with the transmission of the message and cause it to be misinterpreted by the receiver are less common.
- The amount of information that must be processed and interpreted by the recipient is generally less in oral messages.
Answer to question 26
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: A. (Objective 0012) Communication involves the encoding of a specific meaning by a sender into a message that is sent through a channel to a receiver, who decodes the message. In effective communication, the meaning perceived by the receiver is the same as that intended by the sender. In oral communication, the receiver can more quickly and easily ask the sender to clarify the meaning of the message than is possible in written communication. Feedback between the sender and recipient can continue until it is clear to both that the message has been effectively decoded and communicated. Although some feedback is possible in written communication (e.g., e-mail), it is more cumbersome, less nuanced, and takes more time and effort to complete.
Correct Response: A. (Objective 0012) Communication involves the encoding of a specific meaning by a sender into a message that is sent through a channel to a receiver, who decodes the message. In effective communication, the meaning perceived by the receiver is the same as that intended by the sender. In oral communication, the receiver can more quickly and easily ask the sender to clarify the meaning of the message than is possible in written communication. Feedback between the sender and recipient can continue until it is clear to both that the message has been effectively decoded and communicated. Although some feedback is possible in written communication (e.g., e-mail), it is more cumbersome, less nuanced, and takes more time and effort to complete.
Question 27
27. A mixed message is when the recipient of a message receives two distinct and often mutually exclusive meanings. In oral communication, a mixed message is most common when:
- the intended meaning of the message is complex and detailed.
- the body language of the sender contradicts the message's meaning.
- the sender of the message uses clichés to enhance the message's meaning.
- the sender and the recipient have different statuses within the company.
Answer to question 27
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: B. (Objective 0012) Mixed messages occur when the recipient of the message decodes two or more different meanings from the message. Many barriers to communication (e.g., "noise," lack of clarity or organization of the message, message complexity) can interfere with effective decoding of a message by the recipient. However, mixed messages, where the recipient decodes two distinct meanings, are most common when the body language of the sender contradicts or does not support the meaning of the message (e.g., a supervisor praises the work of a subordinate while frowning or exhibiting angry or aggressive facial expressions).
Correct Response: B. (Objective 0012) Mixed messages occur when the recipient of the message decodes two or more different meanings from the message. Many barriers to communication (e.g., "noise," lack of clarity or organization of the message, message complexity) can interfere with effective decoding of a message by the recipient. However, mixed messages, where the recipient decodes two distinct meanings, are most common when the body language of the sender contradicts or does not support the meaning of the message (e.g., a supervisor praises the work of a subordinate while frowning or exhibiting angry or aggressive facial expressions).
Question 28
28. Which of the following excerpts from a business letter is written in the active voice?
- Special financing for many products can be arranged by your sales representative.
- Feedback about your experience is welcomed by our customer satisfaction department.
- The prices and quality of our products cannot be beaten by any of our competitors.
- Our company has been providing high-quality, reasonably priced products for 30 years.
Answer to question 28
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: D. (Objective 0012) Most communications experts suggest that letters, e-mails, and other written communications use the active voice rather than the passive voice. In the active voice, the subject of the sentence does the action of the sentence. In the correct response, the subject, "our company," has been providing high-quality products.
Correct Response: D. (Objective 0012) Most communications experts suggest that letters, e-mails, and other written communications use the active voice rather than the passive voice. In the active voice, the subject of the sentence does the action of the sentence. In the correct response, the subject, "our company," has been providing high-quality products.
Question 29
29. Use the excerpt from an e-mail below to answer the question that follows.
Almost there. We can see the light at the end of the tunnel, the top of the mountain, the end of the rainbow, or however else you want to put it. Our deadline for submitting the project is next Tuesday and we should make it if we can keep up the pace a little longer. I know that many of you have put in extra hours, worked your fingers to the bone, and generally made this project your lives for the past two months. To all of you I say a heartfelt "Thanks," and ask that you keep it up a little longer. With your help, we'll achieve results we can all take pride in!
The purpose of this e-mail from a manager to members of a project team is most likely to:
- identify clear objectives to the members of the team and monitor their progress in achieving these objectives.
- inspire team members to display commitment to achieving company objectives and encourage them in their efforts.
- provide members of the team with information that each requires to successfully complete his or her tasks.
- highlight significant features of company culture and persuade team members to align their behavior with these features.
Answer to question 29
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: B. (Objective 0012) Written communications can have a variety of purposes (e.g., to inspire, explain, persuade, influence, inform). In this case, the tone of the e-mail is clearly inspirational and the text is written to encourage the members of the team to continue their hard work to complete the project on time.
Correct Response: B. (Objective 0012) Written communications can have a variety of purposes (e.g., to inspire, explain, persuade, influence, inform). In this case, the tone of the e-mail is clearly inspirational and the text is written to encourage the members of the team to continue their hard work to complete the project on time.
Question 30
30. Which of the following is the best example of an employee demonstrating personal initiative at a job?
- A nursery worker who notices that many customers request a plant not carried by the nursery researches the plant and its suppliers and brings the information to the manager.
- A sales clerk in an upscale clothing store suggests to a customer a handbag and several other accessories that will complement an outfit the customer has just purchased.
- A landscaper who is planting, weeding, and fertilizing a homeowner's gardens notices that a shrub is infested with an insect pest and immediately treats the shrub with a pesticide.
- A carpenter, who has been hired to replace old carpeting with wood flooring, provides the homeowner with samples and prices of several of the best-selling styles of wood flooring.
Answer to question 30
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: A. (Objective 0013) One way to demonstrate personal initiative in the workplace is to take actions that may benefit the company and that go beyond one's own job description. In the correct response, the nursery worker clearly exceeds the worker's job expectations by noticing a pattern of customer requests that may benefit the business, researching more information about the subject of the requests, and providing this information to the manager of the nursery.
Correct Response: A. (Objective 0013) One way to demonstrate personal initiative in the workplace is to take actions that may benefit the company and that go beyond one's own job description. In the correct response, the nursery worker clearly exceeds the worker's job expectations by noticing a pattern of customer requests that may benefit the business, researching more information about the subject of the requests, and providing this information to the manager of the nursery.
Question 31
31. At what point in the job application process should an applicant first present a brief summary of his or her skills and experiences that are most relevant to the position being sought?
- as a summary statement at the close of the résumé after all other relevant information has been presented
- early in the body of the cover letter that accompanies a résumé, after a brief introductory paragraph
- during a brief telephone call to the human resources director after the résumé has been submitted
- early in the interview process, shortly after exchanging pleasantries with the human resources interviewer
Answer to question 31
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: B. (Objective 0013) The most important information that an applicant can provide when applying for a job is a thorough review of his or her qualifications for that particular job. One of the main purposes of a résumé is to provide this information in detail through a discussion of the applicant's work and educational experience. However, since many résumés are usually submitted for each job, an applicant should introduce this information as a brief summary as early in the process as possible. The cover letter is likely to represent the first contact between the human resources recruiter and the job applicant and the applicant's experience and skills can best be summarized early in this document.
Correct Response: B. (Objective 0013) The most important information that an applicant can provide when applying for a job is a thorough review of his or her qualifications for that particular job. One of the main purposes of a résumé is to provide this information in detail through a discussion of the applicant's work and educational experience. However, since many résumés are usually submitted for each job, an applicant should introduce this information as a brief summary as early in the process as possible. The cover letter is likely to represent the first contact between the human resources recruiter and the job applicant and the applicant's experience and skills can best be summarized early in this document.
Question 32
32. A recent high school graduate wishes to pursue a career in marketing and has been offered a summer position as an unpaid intern at an advertising agency before entering college. The student turns to the school's business teacher for advice about whether to accept the internship. Which of the following should be the business teacher's advice?
- Accept the offer because the student will likely be offered a permanent position at the agency that will allow rapid career advancement without attending college.
- Reject the offer because the student will learn less about marketing and advertising as an unpaid intern than if the student takes summer courses in the field.
- Accept the offer because the student is likely to gain hands-on experience and make acquaintances that will form a useful network for future career advancement.
- Reject the offer because the internship is unpaid and will not look good on the student's résumé when the student is ready to apply for paying jobs in the future.
Answer to question 32
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: C. (Objective 0013) Many students apply for and receive positions as unpaid interns in a variety of business-related fields. While some of these positions involve little more than performing low-level or menial tasks, many others provide valuable hands-on experience in the field. Frequently, such experiences allow the student to make contacts that will later prove useful in networking when the student is looking for a paying job in the future.
Correct Response: C. (Objective 0013) Many students apply for and receive positions as unpaid interns in a variety of business-related fields. While some of these positions involve little more than performing low-level or menial tasks, many others provide valuable hands-on experience in the field. Frequently, such experiences allow the student to make contacts that will later prove useful in networking when the student is looking for a paying job in the future.
Question 33
33. Entrepreneurs starting small businesses can generally compete most effectively against larger, more established businesses by:
- offering goods and services at lower prices in undifferentiated markets.
- spending heavily on promotion and advertising in saturated markets.
- appealing to a wide range of customers in broad, unspecialized markets.
- emphasizing service and quality in newly emerging niche markets.
Answer to question 33
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: D. (Objective 0013) Newly established small businesses generally cannot compete against large established businesses on price alone because the large businesses enjoy economies of scale that the small business does not. The small business must offer something that the larger business does not, and this generally involves better service or quality of products. As stated in the correct response, it is also advantageous for the small business to occupy a marketing niche that is not yet saturated with competitors, such as a newly emerging market that has not yet attracted the attention of larger businesses.
Correct Response: D. (Objective 0013) Newly established small businesses generally cannot compete against large established businesses on price alone because the large businesses enjoy economies of scale that the small business does not. The small business must offer something that the larger business does not, and this generally involves better service or quality of products. As stated in the correct response, it is also advantageous for the small business to occupy a marketing niche that is not yet saturated with competitors, such as a newly emerging market that has not yet attracted the attention of larger businesses.
Question 34
34. For almost all entry-level positions, an employer would most likely prefer a worker who is:
- ambitious and highly motivated, but somewhat abrasive.
- creative and intelligent, but somewhat disorganized.
- dependable and hard-working, but somewhat shy.
- friendly and outgoing, but somewhat unreliable.
Answer to question 34.
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: C. (Objective 0013) In most cases, employers value dependability and a strong work ethic in an entry-level worker. A worker who cannot be counted on to be on the job on time, focus on the task at hand, and work to the best of his or her ability will be disruptive to the overall performance of coworkers. Naturally, having a friendly and outgoing personality is an asset for an employee, but a worker who is shy is not likely to be nearly as disruptive as one who is abrasive, disorganized, or unreliable.
Correct Response: C. (Objective 0013) In most cases, employers value dependability and a strong work ethic in an entry-level worker. A worker who cannot be counted on to be on the job on time, focus on the task at hand, and work to the best of his or her ability will be disruptive to the overall performance of coworkers. Naturally, having a friendly and outgoing personality is an asset for an employee, but a worker who is shy is not likely to be nearly as disruptive as one who is abrasive, disorganized, or unreliable.
Question 35
35. A business student is participating in a work-based learning program by working as a salesperson in a store that sells computers, smartphones, and other electronic devices. The student's faculty advisor can best assess the student's performance in the program by:
- requiring the student to write a paper at the end of the semester summarizing what he or she has learned on the job.
- administering weekly quizzes focusing on the functions, prices, and characteristics of the merchandise sold at the store.
- asking friends or other faculty members to pose as customers of the store and report back about the student's behavior and competence.
- meeting regularly with the student's supervisor at the store to evaluate the student's progress in learning about store merchandise and sales techniques.
Answer to question 35
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: D. (Objective 0013) In assessing a student's performance in a work-based learning program, a faculty advisor must understand the knowledge base and skills possessed by the student upon entering the program and the progress the student makes during the program in expanding that knowledge base and skills. The best way to do this is for the advisor to regularly discuss the student's performance with the student's supervisor who will be aware of what the student does and does not know upon entering the program and how well the student has progressed on a daily and weekly basis in learning about the job.
Correct Response: D. (Objective 0013) In assessing a student's performance in a work-based learning program, a faculty advisor must understand the knowledge base and skills possessed by the student upon entering the program and the progress the student makes during the program in expanding that knowledge base and skills. The best way to do this is for the advisor to regularly discuss the student's performance with the student's supervisor who will be aware of what the student does and does not know upon entering the program and how well the student has progressed on a daily and weekly basis in learning about the job.
Question 36
36. A business teacher uses both verbal explanations and nonverbal representations (e.g., relevant diagrams, graphic organizers) to introduce students to new content-specific vocabulary from an academic article they will be reading. Which of the following student activities would be most effective in supporting the students' comprehension of the article by reinforcing their understanding of the new vocabulary?
- defining the new vocabulary in their own words
- developing a word search using the new vocabulary
- underlining the new vocabulary as they read the article
- writing the new vocabulary in their content notebooks
Answer to question 36
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: A. (Objective 0014) Restating a definition in one's own words, or paraphrasing, requires students to reflect on the meaning of the word and use synonyms and/or explanations for key concepts that differ from those used in the definition, while still conveying the same idea. To accomplish this successfully, students need to think about the meaning of the word at a fairly deep level, which enhances both understanding and retention of the new vocabulary word.
Correct Response: A. (Objective 0014) Restating a definition in one's own words, or paraphrasing, requires students to reflect on the meaning of the word and use synonyms and/or explanations for key concepts that differ from those used in the definition, while still conveying the same idea. To accomplish this successfully, students need to think about the meaning of the word at a fairly deep level, which enhances both understanding and retention of the new vocabulary word.
Question 37
37. A business teacher regularly preteaches key vocabulary words from a text before students read the text independently. As part of this instruction, the teacher writes several sentences from the text on the board, highlighting the target word's spelling and relevant morphological features (e.g., affixes, roots). Which of the following rationales best explains why this practice would be effective in promoting students' ability to read and comprehend the text?
- A word may have both a general meaning and a content-specific meaning, and students need to be able to determine which meaning is relevant in a particular context.
- Accurate, rapid word identification allows students to focus their attention during reading on learning the text's content rather than on trying to decode individual words.
- Social and academic language often differ, so students need to recognize similarities and differences between language structures used in spoken and written language.
- The ability to use cognitive and metacognitive reading strategies is enhanced when students are also taught when and how to use the strategies in the context of authentic texts.
Answer to question 37
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: B. (Objective 0014) The instruction described promotes development of accurate, rapid identification of the target words during reading by integrating instruction in the meaning of the words with explicit instruction and practice in recognizing the written form of the words. Careful attention to the spelling of the words and the morphological "chunks" within words promotes accurate decoding, and repeated exposure to the written word in a meaningful context builds automatic word recognition during reading. Convergent research indicates that automaticity is essential to reading fluency and comprehension.
Correct Response: B. (Objective 0014) The instruction described promotes development of accurate, rapid identification of the target words during reading by integrating instruction in the meaning of the words with explicit instruction and practice in recognizing the written form of the words. Careful attention to the spelling of the words and the morphological "chunks" within words promotes accurate decoding, and repeated exposure to the written word in a meaningful context builds automatic word recognition during reading. Convergent research indicates that automaticity is essential to reading fluency and comprehension.
Question 38
38. A business teacher would like to promote students' ability to read informational texts closely (e.g., identifying a text's essential vocabulary and main ideas; tracing an author's argument, claims, and evidence). The teacher could best support students' close reading by providing them with explicit modeling and guided practice in which of the following comprehension strategies?
- Identifying a text's organization structure before reading
- using visualization and mental imagery during reading
- predicting a text's outcomes before reading
- annotating a text during reading
Answer to question 38
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: D. (Objective 0014) Annotating a text requires students to identify through highlighting and notes in the text's margins the key ideas and details of the text, including the author's argument and claims, and to identify the text's important vocabulary and evidence. Text annotation also supports students' participation in text-based collaborative discussions and enhances their comprehension and retention of essential text content.
Correct Response: D. (Objective 0014) Annotating a text requires students to identify through highlighting and notes in the text's margins the key ideas and details of the text, including the author's argument and claims, and to identify the text's important vocabulary and evidence. Text annotation also supports students' participation in text-based collaborative discussions and enhances their comprehension and retention of essential text content.
Question 39
39. A business teacher wants to improve students' ability to comprehend print and digital academic texts at the discourse level by helping them recognize a text's organizational structure (e.g., comparison/contrast, chronological, cause/effect). Which of the following instructional strategies would likely be most effective in achieving this goal?
- ensuring that the texts selected for a given lesson include an example of each type of organizational text structure
- teaching the students the transition markers, or signal words and phrases, commonly associated with each text structure
- providing students with guided practice using various note-taking strategies, such as outlining and creating two-column notes
- modeling for students key morphological strategies, such as applying knowledge of common roots and affixes and structural analysis skills
Answer to question 39
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: B. (Objective 0014) Informational texts follow various text structures. Helping students recognize those structures promotes their ability to make logical connections between the ideas or events in a text. Each text structure is associated with particular transition words and phrases. For example, texts that follow a comparison/contrast text structure often use words/phrases such as in the same way, likewise, in similar fashion, nonetheless, however, though, and on the other hand, while chronologically organized texts use terms such as first, next, before, as soon as, eventually, subsequently, and preceding. Teaching students to scan a text for common transition words/phrases before reading will help them recognize the text's organizational structure and anticipate how the ideas in the text will relate to one another.
Correct Response: B. (Objective 0014) Informational texts follow various text structures. Helping students recognize those structures promotes their ability to make logical connections between the ideas or events in a text. Each text structure is associated with particular transition words and phrases. For example, texts that follow a comparison/contrast text structure often use words/phrases such as in the same way, likewise, in similar fashion, nonetheless, however, though, and on the other hand, while chronologically organized texts use terms such as first, next, before, as soon as, eventually, subsequently, and preceding. Teaching students to scan a text for common transition words/phrases before reading will help them recognize the text's organizational structure and anticipate how the ideas in the text will relate to one another.
Question 40
40. Several students in a business class are English language learners who have advanced-level (i.e., Level 5—bridging level) English language proficiency and demonstrate good foundational reading skill and subject-matter knowledge. The teacher will be assigning the class to read a new marketing text. Given this scenario, which of the following strategies would be the most appropriate for the teacher to use to differentiate the lesson for the English language learners in the class?
- arranging for the English language learners to read a translation of the text or a similar text written in their primary language
- providing the English language learners with a text about similar content that was written in English for students at a lower grade level
- explicitly preteaching the English language learners any idiomatic expressions and vocabulary essential for comprehending the text in English
- teaching the content of the text to the English language learners using an oral-presentation format rather than requiring them to read the assigned text
Answer to question 40
- Answer Enter to expand or collapse answer. Answer expanded
- Correct Response: C. (Objective 0014) The English language learners in this scenario are at the advanced level (i.e., Level 5—bridging level) of English language proficiency and have good literacy skills and content knowledge. English language learners with this background should be able to read grade-level texts in English with support, including comprehending the texts at the literal and inferential levels. The teacher may need to introduce new academic language to all the students prior to assigning the text. However, unlike their peers who are proficient in English or who were raised in homes where English was the primary language, the English language learners are also likely to be unfamiliar with idiomatic expressions and everyday vocabulary used in the text that are essential for comprehension. Thus preteaching such words and expressions is an appropriate way to differentiate the lesson for advanced-level English language learners.
Correct Response: C. (Objective 0014) The English language learners in this scenario are at the advanced level (i.e., Level 5—bridging level) of English language proficiency and have good literacy skills and content knowledge. English language learners with this background should be able to read grade-level texts in English with support, including comprehending the texts at the literal and inferential levels. The teacher may need to introduce new academic language to all the students prior to assigning the text. However, unlike their peers who are proficient in English or who were raised in homes where English was the primary language, the English language learners are also likely to be unfamiliar with idiomatic expressions and everyday vocabulary used in the text that are essential for comprehension. Thus preteaching such words and expressions is an appropriate way to differentiate the lesson for advanced-level English language learners.